Sithanda ukusetha amakhukhi engeziwe ukuze siqonde ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani i-GOV.UK, sikhumbule izilungiselelo zakho futhi sithuthukise izinsiza zikahulumeni.
Wamukele amakhukhi engeziwe.Ukhethe ukuphuma kumakhukhi ozikhethela wona.Ungashintsha izilungiselelo zakho zekhukhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Lokhu kushicilelwa kuhloswe ukuthi kusetshenziswe abahloli.Ingase iqukethe izixhumanisi zezinsiza zangaphakathi ezingatholakali kulokhu kukhishwa.
Leli klasi lihlanganisa zonke izindawo zokuxhumana ngocingo nezokusakaza.Izikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko:
Isibopho sisonke sendlela yokuhlola siseQenjini Lezinsiza, Ezokuthutha kanye Nezokuxhumana (i-UTT) le-National Assessment Authority.Ama-Regional Assessment Units (RVUs) anesibopho sazo zonke izinhlobo zokufakwa kuhlu ngazinye ezibalwe ngenhla (ukudala, ukunakekela, kanye nokuxazulula Izinselele Zokuhlola).
Ithimba Le-Mast Level Coordination Team (CCT) kanye ne-UTT banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana okuphumelelayo.I-CCT mast iyindawo yokuqala yokuxhumana ukuze ulungiswe ngokuqondile noma umsebenzi wokufaka.I-CTT ne-UTT izohlinzeka ngamanothi okuzijwayeza achaza isisekelo sokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kabusha futhi enze izincomo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokuphila kohlu lokulinganisa.Osonhlalakahle banesibopho salokhu:
Ufuzo lukhona lapho izici ezine ezibalulekile zomsebenzi ohlolwayo zikhona.Umsebenzi kufanele ube wangempela, uhluke futhi ube wusizo, hhayi owesikhashana.Ingxoxo enemininingwane yezimiso ingatholakala kumhlahlandlela Wokugreda: Ingxenye 3 Ingxenye 1 – Ingxenye C Ifa (isigaba 3).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kucutshungulwa ukusungula i-mast genetics, izinhlinzeko Zemithetho Yezilinganiso Zangaphandle Kwezwe (Izinsiza Zokuxhumana) (England) 2000 (SI 2000 No. 2421) kufanele zisebenze.Bheka Isigaba 5.2 ngezansi.
Izingosi ze-Telecom ziyisigaba samafa futhi angeke zibe ngaphansi kwemithetho evamile yeyunithi elaziswayo.Lezi zinhlobo zamafa zibizwa ngefa elinqunyiwe.Bheka Ibhuku Lokulinganisa Izilinganiso: Isigaba 3, Ingxenye 1.
Imithethonqubo ye-Out-of-Country Ratings (Telecommunications Equipment) (UK) Regulations 2000 (SI 2000 No. 2421) yaqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba 1, 2000. Isebenza kumagugu ezokuxhumana asetshenziswa amathuluzi ezokuxhumana kuphela.Lo mthethonqubo ukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise bonke abasebenzisi besizindalwazi esizeni esisodwa esisetshenziswa amathuluzi ezokuxhumana kuphela.Kulezi zimo, u-opharetha oyinhloko noma "umxhasi" wewebhusayithi uthathwa njengomqashisi okhokhiswa intela.Imithetho yomcimbi isebenza kuphela ezikhungweni ezihlala abaqhubi ababili noma ngaphezulu abangeyona ingxenye yebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe elifanayo.
Imithetho ibalulekile lapho okokusebenza kwezokuxhumana okuhloselwe ukufakwa ohlwini okumaphakathi sekukhona.Bheka Isigaba 5.5 ngezansi.
Ngomhla ka-April 1, 2001, Imithetho Yezilinganiso Zangaphandle Kwezwe (Izisetshenziswa Zezokuxhumana) (Wales) (SI 2000 No. 3383) yaqala ukusebenza ngokuphathelene Nohlu Lwezilinganiso Lwendawo lwase-Wales.Kuqanjwe ngendlela ehlukile kunemithetho yase-UK, kodwa kukhombisa umphumela.
Lokhu okungenhla akwenzi abanikazi bomhlaba noma abanikazi bezindlu babophezeleke ngamarates inqobo nje uma bengekho ebhizinisini lezokuxhumana futhi behlala endaweni, isakhiwo noma isakhiwo ngezinhloso ezingezona ezokuxhumana.
Isibonelo, uma isibhedlela sivumela u-opharetha wezokuxhumana ngocingo, isibhedlela sihlala singumlandeli oyinhloko, kodwa kwakhiwa ozolandela ohlukile wezokuxhumana.Ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumana ngocingo kudala ifa elihlukile ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwalo okuhlukile kunefa eliyinhloko, elingahlalwa yimpahla yezokuxhumana kuphela futhi elingasetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuthumela noma ukwamukela amasignali angenantambo.
Ifaneleka kakhulu i-telegenetics.Incazelo yayo isayithi elisetshenziswa ngokukhethekileyo ngemishini yezokuxhumana ye-opharetha eyodwa noma ama-opharetha amaningana;Futhi
Ukuhlanganiswa akuvunyelwe uma ngabe i-Tele Communications Succession itholakala noma kuyisakhiwo umsingathi asisebenzisela noma iyiphi injongo ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka noma ukusebenzisa isiza sempahla yezokuxhumana.Ifa lezokuxhumana ngocingo siqu lisho ifa lokusakaza noma lezokuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini.Lokhu akusebenzi emugqeni ogxilile noma ekushintsheni kwefayibha.
Ukuhlola ukukhishwa kuziba ukuba khona kwezinsiza ezisetshenziswa ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwendawo yezokuxhumana engase ibe ingxenye efanele yofuzo oluyisisekelo lwezokuxhumana.
Kodwa-ke, uma umnikazi wesakhiwo eqashisa lonke uphahla kumhlinzeki wezokuxhumana, obese eqasha uphahla ku-opharetha ngamunye oyilungu lesayithi, umhlinzeki wesayithi uba umsingathi womlandeli oyinhloko wezokuxhumana.Bonke abasebenzisi besayithi kumele bafakwe ohlwini lwabathintwayo bomhlinzeki wesayithi.
Isizinda somsebenzisi oyedwa isayithi lapho u-opharetha oyedwa kuphela esakaza noma edlulisa amasignali ezokuxhumana.Umsebenzisi oyedwa usengaba khona uma ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe labaqhubi benethiwekhi ababili abahlukene besakaza amasignali kuwo wonke u-opharetha okuyo.Isizinda somsebenzisi oyedwa sikhona noma ngabe isiza sihlinzekwa ngumuntu wesithathu ongasakazi kusayithi.
Uma kukhona ama-opharetha amaningi angahlanganisi, noma uma inkampani yangaphandle umhlinzeki wengqalasizinda ezisakaza noma ezisakaza, isayithi yezokuxhumana izobhekwa njengesayithi okwabelwana ngalo noma “isayithi elisingathiwe”.I-SI 2000 No. 2421 noma i-Wales No. 3383 ibe nomthelela ekucatshangelweni kokuthi ubani owayengumnikazi wendawo kanjalo nesiqashi esilinganisekayo.
Incazelo yomsingathi ku-SI efanele isho ukuthi umhlinzeki noma u-opharetha wesayithi yezokuxhumana othola inkokhelo yesabelo sesayithi noma onelungelo lokuthola inkokhelo uzoba umkhokhi wentela walo lonke ifa lezokuxhumana.
Indlela evamile lapho u-opharetha ngamunye exhuma khona okokusebenza kwakhe (isb. izintambo, njll.) esakhiweni futhi afake i-gondola/ikhabhinethi yakhe.
Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela okungahleliwe noma ukwabelana kwe-RAN kufinyelelwa ngokufaka okokusebenza okwengeziwe kwe-elekthronikhi (okungalinganiselwe).
I-Mobile Operator Random Access Networks (ama-MORAN) ifaka ngokuhlanganyela okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi okungalinganiselwe okwengeziwe, okuvumela ukudluliswa okuvela kuma-opharetha eselula amabili ahlukene kusukela kusethi efanayo yezisetshenziswa.
Uma isiza sisetshenziswa abaqhubi ababili bebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe lisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-MORAN, akukho okungeziwe kulesi sivumelwano sokwabelana okwenziwayo.
Uma indawo yezokuxhumana iqukethe okokusebenza kwezokuxhumana okushiwo i-ejenti yohlu lwezilinganiso ezimaphakathi, futhi lowo menzeli wohlu omaphakathi akayena umsingathi, okokusebenza kwayo kubhekwa “njengezisetshenziswa ezingabaliwe”.Kukhishiwe ekuhlanganiseni.Abasebenzisi bohlu olumaphakathi akufanele bacatshangelwe lapho kuhlolwa isayithi elisingathiwe.
Uhlu olumaphakathi lwempahla yezokuxhumana endaweni yokusingatha lungase lube ifa elilodwa.Okhethiwe wabelana ngendawo nomunye umuntu oqokiwe ongumsingathi wokuqhubeka kwezokuxhumana ngocingo.
Nakuba okokusebenza komnikazi we-inventory okumaphakathi kungase kubhekwe okokusebenza okungafakiwe, ukuba khona kwayo kuzofanelekela indawo njengoba kwabelwana ngayo ngokuvumelana ne-SI 2421. Lokhu kuthinta ukuhlonzwa kwamayunithi okuhlola kanye nenani elihambisanayo labasingathi bomqhubi/nozakwethu kufanele lihlolwe kanjalo emsebenzini. iyahlolwa.
I-Mast isayithi elikude elizimele.Abasebenzisi bahlanganiswa nesikolo sosokhaya futhi bafakwe kuhlu olumaphakathi.
I-mast iyingxenye yesikhungo esikhudlwana esingasebenzisi i-telecom njengombhoshongo kagesi, umbhoshongo wamanzi, noma igalaji likaphethiloli.Ufuzo oluyisisekelo alusetshenziswa kuphela kwezokuxhumana, ngakho-ke izinhlinzeko zomphathi we-SI 2421 azisebenzi.Umsebenzi wetoho ngamunye onekamelo elizinikele, ikhabethe noma i-complex kumele ahlolwe ngawodwana.Uma iwebhusayithi isebenzisa ukusingathwa okungakhethekile okunomsingathi osuka kuhlu olumaphakathi, izofakwa ekuhlolweni komsingathi kusuka kuhlu olumaphakathi.Alikho ifa elihlonza umuntu ngamunye, njengoba ukulawulwa okuphelele kwezindlu ezihlanganyelwayo kuhlala “kumuntu ohlezi oqokiwe”.
Isizinda sokusingatha ku-Central Ranking siyingxenye yamaphuzu omqashisi Ohlwini Lwezikhundla Olumaphakathi, inqobo nje uma leyo sayithi “ingelona ilifa ngokukhethekile” njengoba kuchazwe eNgxenyeni III Yemithetho Yohlu Lwezinga Elimaphakathi (eNgilandi) SI 2000 No. 535.
Uhlu olumaphakathi luhlolwa yi-UTT.Izicelo ohlwini lwendawo/emngceleni wohlu olumaphakathi kufanele zihanjiswe eqenjini kuqala.
Ikhodi Yezokuxhumana Ngogesi (“Ikhodi”) ivumela Abahlinzeki Benethiwekhi Yezokuxhumana Ngogesi ukuthi basungule Amanethiwekhi Okuxhumana Ngogesi.Ikhodi ivumela laba bahlinzeki ukuthi bakhe ingqalasizinda emhlabeni womphakathi (esitaladini) futhi bathole amalungelo omhlaba wangasese, kungaba ngesivumelwano nomnikazi womhlaba noma ngokuya enkantolo yesifunda noma imantshi eScotland.Futhi ihlinzeka ngokukhululwa okuthile emthethweni wokuhlela wasemadolobheni nezindawo zasemakhaya ngendlela yezimvume zokwakha.Ngaphezu kwabahlinzeki benethiwekhi yokuxhumana ngogesi, ikhodi iyatholakala kulabo abafisa ukwakha amapayipi abahlinzeki benethiwekhi abangawasebenzisa.
Ikhodi yokuxhumana ngogesi ibikhona kusukela ngo-1984. Ikhodi yamanje Yezokuxhumana Ngogesi iyingxenye yoMthetho Womnotho Wedijithali wezi-2017, oqale ukusebenza ngomhla ka-28 Disemba 2017. Ikhodi entsha ihloselwe ukuqhubeka nokwenza lula ukufakwa nokugcinwa kwamanethiwekhi okuxhumana ngogesi opharetha abanegunya lokufaka amakhodi.Ishintsha imibono esetshenziswa ekulinganisweni komhlaba osetshenziselwa ukwakha ingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana.Ngenxa yalokho, imali eqashiswayo enqunywe ngaphansi kwemihlahlandlela emisha izohluka ngokubalulekile kuziqashiso okuxoxiswene ngazo noma ezilungisiwe ngaphansi kwemihlahlandlela yangaphambilini.
Ukuqagela kokulinganisa okudingwa yizindinganiso ezintsha akufani ngokugcwele nokuqagela kokulinganisa.Osonhlalakahle kufanele bafune iseluleko kwa-UTT uma bethola impikiswano yokuthi leyo ntela kufanele isetshenziswe njengesisekelo sokukleliswa.
Izinhlobo zezidingo zocwaningo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesikhungo esicutshungulwayo.Zonke izinhlolovo zesizinda kumele zibhale phansi bonke abahlali bendawo, njengoba lokhu kuzothinta ukuhlonzwa kwezakhamizi ezikhokhiswa intela kanye nokuhlola.
Izinsika zezinsiza eziningi zinenani lentengo kusetshenziswa indlela exubile: indlela yokuqasha yenani lesikhungo kanye nendlela yokulinganisa usonkontileka yemishini ekhokhiswa intela nezinto zokusebenza.
Ucwaningo kufanele luhlonze futhi lubhale phansi izici zezindleko zemishini nemishini ukuze zilinganiswe.
Opharetha abakhulu benethiwekhi baqale ukukhipha ingqalasizinda ye-5G kanye nemishini ngoJuni 2019. Amasayithi ekuqaleni ayekhawulelwe emadolobheni amakhulu ambalwa nasezindaweni ezincane ngaphakathi kwalawo madolobha.Ngesikhathi salokhu kubhala, ingqalasizinda ye-5G iyakhiwa kakhulu, ihlanganisa amadolobha amaningi nezindawo ezinkulu ngaphakathi kwazo.Ngokusobala, ama-opharetha omakhalekhukhwini agxile ekuthuthukiseni iziza ezikhona, uphahla, iziza ezintsha kanye nemigwaqo.Lokhu kuvame ukuphumela ezinsikeni ezinde kanye namakhabethe engeziwe ezindaweni ezintsha zokwakha.Ukuthuthukiswa kophahla kungase kuhlanganise ukushintsha imibhoshongo emifushane kanye/noma ukuhambisa izinto zokusebenza eduze konqenqema lophahla.Azophinde afake nokuhlinzekwa kwamanye amakhebhini ophahleni.Yonke imininingwane yophenyo efanele kufanele irekhodwe njengenhla.
Ukuthunyelwa kwamaseli amancane kulindeleke ukuthi kunikeze ukumbozwa kwenethiwekhi okubanzi, kodwa ngesikhathi sokubhala abukho ubufakazi bokuthunyelwa okunjalo ngesilinganiso esikhulu.Njengoba amanethiwekhi e-5G ekhula, kungenzeka ukuthi asebenzise inombolo enkulu yeziteshi ezincane eziyisisekelo, okungenzeka noma zingabi nakho ukuxhumana kwefayibha.Izidingo zenhlolovo zezindawo ezinjalo zizohluka njengoba lokhu kuzothinta iyunithi elungile yenani.Izidingo zocwaningo zalawa masayithi zizobuyekezwa njengoba zitholakala.
Amasayithi e-broadband angenantambo ngokuvamile afakwa ngaphakathi noma ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, ifenisha yangaphandle noma izigxobo kusetshenziswa okokusebenza okufana nerutha ye-broadband engenantambo yasekhaya.
Ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ingabe likhona yini ifa elihlukile elisesimweni sezindleko ze-broadband engenantambo, isihloko sokuhlola kufanele sinqunywe.Idatha yenhlolovo elandelayo kufanele irekhodwe:
Ingabe okokusebenza kwe-broadband engenantambo ku-mainmast noma esiteshini sokuxhumana kungaphansi koMthethonqubo 2421 ngakho-ke kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi kwabelwana ngawo ku-mainmast?Isizinda se-broadband engenantambo sidinga ukuhlolwa ngokuhlukana uma sisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sokuqashisa esihlukile noma isivumelwano sezinyanga eziyi-12 noma ngaphezulu, ngaphandle uma kuyisabelo sesizinda se-mast (SI2421 e-England kanye ne-SI3343 e-Wales) nalapho kusetshenziswa isevisi ye-broadband engenantambo.Kubhekwa njengengxenye yokusetshenziswa kwendawo yomnikazi, njengesayithi le-Wi-Fi yesitolo sekhofi esetshenziswa amakhasimende esitolo sekhofi.Ukufakwa kuthuthukisa injabulo yekhasimende yendawo “eyinhloko,” evame ukuba nenani elincane uma iqhathaniswa nenani lesakhiwo sisonke.
Lezi zindawo zitholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezingahlali muntu.Kufanele kucatshangelwe isidingo sokuhlolwa endaweni.
Uma kubonakala kudingekile ukuqinisekisa idatha yofuzo ye-Wi-Fi/Bluetooth ngokuhlola kwangaphakathi endaweni, kutuswa ukuba kuthathwe izithombe zezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo futhi zirekhodwe ohlelweni lwaphansi.Isithasiselo sesi-3 sihlinzeka ngohlu lokuhlola oluzosetshenziswa ukurekhoda imininingwane yendawo, okokusebenza, indawo yemishini, nanoma yiziphi izaziso zombukiso ezihlobene.
Ikhophi yesivumelwano sokuqasha noma sobunikazi esivela ku-opharetha we-Wi-Fi/Bluetooth ingasiza ekutholeni ubunikazi.
Imininingwane yenhlolovo kufanele irekhodwe kuhlelo lwesofthiwe olufanele - isicelo sombhoshongo wokuxhumana wezinsika zokuxhumana ngocingo nezingosi ze-WiFi.Amaseva angewona amaphakethe (i-NBS) amasayithi amakhulu anenani eliphelele ngosonkontileka.
Izinhlelo, izinhlolovo kanye nolunye ulwazi kufanele kugcinwe kumafolda afanele ohlelweni lwe-Electronic Document Management (EDRM).
Indlela yokulinganisa yezinsiza eziningi iyindlela exubile: ukulinganisa izakhiwo noma umhlaba ngokusekelwe emalini eqashiswayo kanye nezinengezo ezikhokhiswa intela zemishini namathuluzi ezindlekweni ezingokhephithali ezisuselwe kuzilinganiso zekhephithali ezisemthethweni.
Ubufakazi bemali yokuqasha babuyekezwa ezingeni likazwelonke futhi kwatholakala isimo sezindleko zesakhiwo.Amanani esayithi ayahluka ngohlobo lwesayithi nendawo.Isifinyezo sohlelo sivezwa kumanothi okusebenza e-Telecommunication Mast.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-03-2023