Yini i-PIM

I-PIM, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Passive Intermodulation, iwuhlobo lokuhlanekezela kwesignali.Njengoba amanethiwekhi e-LTE ezwela kakhulu ku-PIM, indlela yokuthola nokunciphisa i-PIM ithole ukunakwa okwengeziwe.

I-PIM ikhiqizwa ukuxuba okungewona umugqa phakathi kwamafrikhwensi enkampani yenethiwekhi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, futhi isignali ewumphumela iqukethe amaza engeziwe angafuneki noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanganisa.Njengoba igama elithi "passive" egameni elithi "passive intermodulation" lisho okufanayo, ukuxuba okungeyona umugqa okukhulunywe ngenhla okubangela i-PIM akubandakanyi izinto ezisebenzayo, kodwa ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezinto zensimbi nezisetshenziswa ezixhumene.Inqubo, noma ezinye izingxenye zesistimu.Izimbangela zokuxuba okungeyona i-linear zingabandakanya okulandelayo:

• Amaphutha ekuxhumekeni kukagesi: Njengoba kungekho ndawo ebushelelezi engenasici emhlabeni, kungase kube nezindawo ezinokuminyana okuphezulu kwamanje ezindaweni zokuxhumana phakathi kwezindawo ezihlukene.Lezi zingxenye zikhiqiza ukushisa ngenxa yomzila olinganiselwe we-conductive, okuholela ekushintsheni kokumelana.Ngalesi sizathu, isixhumi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi siqiniswe ngokunembile ku-torque eqondiwe.

• Okungenani ungqimba olulodwa lwe-oxide oluncane lukhona ezindaweni eziningi zensimbi, ezingabangela imiphumela ye-tunneling noma, ngamafuphi, kuholele ekuncipheni kwendawo yokuqhuba.Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lesi simo singaveza umphumela we-Schottky.Yingakho amabhawodi agqwalile noma uphahla lwensimbi olugqwalile eduze nombhoshongo weselula kungabangela amasignali aqinile we-PIM okuhlanekezela.

• Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic: Izinto ezifana nensimbi zingakhiqiza ukuhlanekezela okukhulu kwe-PIM, ngakho-ke izinto ezinjalo akufanele zisetshenziswe kumasistimu wamaselula.

Amanethiwekhi angenantambo abe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu njengoba amasistimu amaningi kanye nezizukulwane ezihlukene zezinhlelo seziqalile ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwesayithi elifanayo.Uma amasignali ahlukahlukene ehlanganiswa, i-PIM, ebangela ukuphazamiseka kusiginali ye-LTE, iyakhiqizwa.Izinti, ama-duplex, izintambo, izixhumi ezingcolile noma ezixegayo, nezinto ze-RF ezilimele kanye nezinto zensimbi ezitholakala eduze noma ngaphakathi kwesiteshi seselula kungase kube imithombo ye-PIM.

Njengoba ukuphazamiseka kwe-PIM kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi ye-LTE, opharetha abangenazintambo nosonkontileka banamathisela ukubaluleka okukhulu esilinganisweni se-PIM, indawo yomthombo kanye nokucindezelwa.Amazinga we-PIM amukelekayo ayahluka kusistimu nesistimu.Isibonelo, imiphumela yokuhlola ka-Anritsu ibonisa ukuthi lapho izinga le-PIM likhuphuka lisuka ku--125dBm liye ku--105dBm, isivinini sokulanda sehla ngo-18%, kuyilapho esangaphambili nesakamuva Womabili amanani abhekwa njengamazinga e-PIM amukelekayo.

Yiziphi izingxenye ezidinga ukuhlolwa i-PIM?

Ngokuvamile, ingxenye ngayinye ihlolwa i-PIM ngesikhathi sokuklama nokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayibi umthombo obalulekile we-PIM ngemva kokufakwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ukufaneleka kokuxhumeka kubalulekile ekulawuleni i-PIM, inqubo yokufaka nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula kwe-PIM.Kusistimu ye-antenna esabalalisiwe, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-PIM kusistimu yonke kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-PIM engxenyeni ngayinye.Namuhla, abantu baya ngokuya besebenzisa amadivaysi aqinisekiswe yi-PIM.Isibonelo, izinti ezingezansi -150dBc zingabhekwa njengokuthobela kwe-PIM, futhi imininingwane enjalo iya ngokuya iqina.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, inqubo yokukhetha isayithi yesayithi yeselula, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokusetha isayithi yeselula kanye ne-antenna, nesigaba sokufaka esilandelayo, kuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwe-PIM.

I-Kingtone inikeza imihlangano yekhebula ye-PIM ephansi, izixhumi, ama-adaptha, izihlanganisi ze-multi-frequency, izihlanganisi ze-co-frequency, ama-duplexer, ama-splitter, ama-coupler nama-antenna ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene ne-PIM.